WEBVTT
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The French working class
won't politically unite
00:17.835 --> 00:20.085
nor go to the barricades
00:20.335 --> 00:23.835
just for a 12% rise in wages.
00:24.710 --> 00:28.460
In the foreseeable future,
there will be
00:28.585 --> 00:31.835
no capitalist crisis great enough
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for the workers to fight
for their vital interests
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by a general revolutionary strike
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or an armed revolt.
00:43.293 --> 00:48.585
Moreover, the bourgeoisie will never
give up power without a fight
00:48.793 --> 00:53.043
forced on them
by the revolutionary masses.
00:53.543 --> 00:58.668
So the main problem
for socialist tactics
00:58.835 --> 01:03.335
is how to create the objective
and subjective conditions
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which make a mass
revolutionary action possible
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and which render the use of force
against the bourgeoisie feasible.
01:15.210 --> 01:18.085
THE
01:20.210 --> 01:22.085
What is a word?
01:22.335 --> 01:25.085
A word is what's unsaid.
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And you?
01:27.835 --> 01:28.960
Me?
01:30.210 --> 01:33.335
Both sides against the other.
01:33.460 --> 01:34.585
Me.
01:35.210 --> 01:36.460
No, you,
01:36.710 --> 01:39.210
who tries to tame
the unforgettable
01:39.335 --> 01:41.335
that might surprise us.
01:42.085 --> 01:43.710
Myself now.
01:44.210 --> 01:47.585
The you of excuses and rejections.
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And us now?
01:52.335 --> 01:54.960
We are the words of others.
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WE SHOULD REPLACE VAGUE
IDEAS WITH CLEAR IMAGES
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They know?
02:08.210 --> 02:09.460
No.
02:10.585 --> 02:12.960
Are they gone long?
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All summer.
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What do the parents do?
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They own factories or something.
02:23.585 --> 02:26.543
But Veronique is a close friend?
02:26.710 --> 02:28.210
I don't think so.
02:30.293 --> 02:32.168
Still, it's nice of them.
02:32.335 --> 02:34.835
Liberalism in militant groups
02:35.043 --> 02:38.293
based on collectivism
is very harmful.
02:42.335 --> 02:45.460
Liberalism deprives the revolution
02:45.710 --> 02:49.210
of solid organisation
and strict discipline.
02:58.918 --> 03:01.335
This is Radio Peking.
03:08.835 --> 03:12.793
During last June and July,
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when the Red Guard appeared,
03:15.918 --> 03:21.710
Mao was aware
of their vast vitality
03:21.960 --> 03:25.335
and gave them his warm support.
03:26.085 --> 03:27.960
In a very short time,
03:28.168 --> 03:32.210
Red Guards were created in schools,
03:32.418 --> 03:34.293
in many factories
03:34.460 --> 03:36.543
and throughout the country.
03:37.210 --> 03:41.543
They became an army
for the Cultural Revolution.
03:43.710 --> 03:46.585
THE IMPERIALISTS
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God, why have you forsaken me?
03:50.210 --> 03:52.460
Because I don't exist.
03:54.085 --> 03:56.085
This is Radio Peking.
03:59.668 --> 04:01.918
The cell needs a name.
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Remember Paul Nizan?
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The conspirator.
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He wrote a novel, Aden Arabia.
04:10.210 --> 04:11.835
Cell Aden Arabia.
04:12.085 --> 04:13.085
Right.
04:13.293 --> 04:17.835
A MINORITY WITH THE RIGHT
IDEAS IS NOT A MINORITY
04:19.043 --> 04:21.710
- He was beaten.
- By whom?
04:21.960 --> 04:24.710
- I'll get some water.
- By whom?
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A commando.
04:30.460 --> 04:32.460
Hurt? Was it fascists?
04:33.335 --> 04:36.085
No, Communists.
04:37.210 --> 04:38.960
Now, right away, where?
04:39.585 --> 04:43.585
The meeting
on the Cultural Revolution.
04:44.085 --> 04:47.085
The Sorbonne Marxist-Leninist
group?
04:50.710 --> 04:53.210
I told you they were disgusting.
04:53.335 --> 04:56.210
An enemy attack is a good thing.
04:56.460 --> 05:00.460
It proves we've made
a clear distinction to separate us.
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A FILM IN THE MAKING
05:02.835 --> 05:06.835
In her eyes are fear
and innocence...
05:06.960 --> 05:07.960
humility.
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Not of a servant,
but a friend and a woman,
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with a wide and precise mouth,
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not persuasive but loyal.
05:16.835 --> 05:20.960
A kind forehead
willingly bending in silence.
05:21.210 --> 05:22.585
In all that,
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agreement can only be guessed.
05:27.835 --> 05:29.460
Not in pain or success...
05:29.710 --> 05:34.085
as if from a scattered past,
something serious appeared.
05:39.835 --> 05:40.835
An actor?
05:42.460 --> 05:44.710
It's hard to say.
05:47.585 --> 05:49.710
Yes, yes, I'm an actor.
05:55.210 --> 05:58.585
I'll show you something.
It's an idea of what theatre is.
06:00.585 --> 06:04.710
Young Chinese students
demonstrated in Moscow
06:04.960 --> 06:08.960
and of course the Russian police
beat them up.
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The next day, in protest,
06:11.335 --> 06:14.085
the Chinese met in front of
their embassy
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with all the Western reporters.
06:17.585 --> 06:21.960
Guys from Life,
France Soir and so on.
06:23.335 --> 06:25.210
And a student came up,
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his face covered with bandages
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and started yelling.
06:31.710 --> 06:33.960
Look what they did to me.
06:34.085 --> 06:36.710
Look what
the dirty revisionists did.
06:37.960 --> 06:40.710
So the reporters rushed over
06:40.960 --> 06:42.585
and began taking photos
06:42.710 --> 06:44.460
as he removed the bandages.
06:44.710 --> 06:46.710
They expected a cut face,
06:46.960 --> 06:50.335
covered with blood or something.
06:50.460 --> 06:53.585
And he carefully removed
his bandages
06:53.835 --> 06:55.960
as they took pictures.
06:56.585 --> 06:57.960
When they were all off,
06:58.210 --> 07:01.960
they realised his face was alright.
07:02.085 --> 07:04.585
So the reporters began yelling,
07:04.835 --> 07:06.835
This Chinaman's a fake.
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He's a clown, what is this?
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But they hadn't understood.
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They didn't realise it was theatre.
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Real theatre.
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Reflection on reality.
07:20.585 --> 07:22.210
I mean,
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like Brecht or Shakespeare.
07:26.210 --> 07:30.585
UNION: COMMUNIST YOUTH
(MARXIST-LENINIST)
07:35.210 --> 07:38.835
We must be different
from our parents.
07:40.585 --> 07:44.335
My father fought the Germans
hard in the war.
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Now he runs a Club Med resort.
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A big holiday camp by the sea.
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What's terrible is
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he doesn't realise
that it's made exactly
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along the lines
of the concentration camps.
08:05.835 --> 08:07.335
A socialist theatre?
08:09.210 --> 08:10.710
No, I don't know.
08:12.085 --> 08:13.585
I'm looking.
08:17.460 --> 08:20.835
Yes, yes... Mao's ideas can help me.
08:23.710 --> 08:28.585
In any case, you need sincerity
and violence.
08:33.835 --> 08:36.335
You're getting a kick out of this.
08:36.460 --> 08:39.085
Like I'm joking for the film,
08:39.335 --> 08:42.335
because of all the technicians here.
08:42.960 --> 08:44.335
But that's not it.
08:46.043 --> 08:48.085
It's not because of a camera.
08:48.335 --> 08:49.835
I'm sincere.
09:03.918 --> 09:06.043
Yes... in China,
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the leaps forward
09:08.460 --> 09:12.585
by the Peking Opera were wonderful.
09:13.543 --> 09:15.460
And in Europe, in France?
09:16.585 --> 09:20.085
In Milan, Strehler does good work.
09:20.293 --> 09:21.418
Yes, he has...
09:21.585 --> 09:26.210
There's a great Althusser text
about a Brecht play...
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...and I've made it mine.
09:31.085 --> 09:32.543
I turn around...
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And suddenly the question is...
09:39.418 --> 09:44.043
are the words I've just said,
so awkwardly and blindly...
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part of a greater play
continuing through me
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a worker in the world theatre.
09:56.585 --> 09:58.210
The sense incomplete...
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looking through and with me...
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all the actors and settings
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of the silent oration.
10:11.835 --> 10:13.460
That's why I'm speaking.
10:15.460 --> 10:16.585
Yes, that's why.
10:16.793 --> 10:18.585
Cut, fine. Take five.
10:22.835 --> 10:23.835
Go ahead.
10:29.460 --> 10:31.085
I'll go with Serge.
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Don't I get a kiss?
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You said we'd go see 8 1/2.
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Bye.
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It's disgusting.
10:38.418 --> 10:41.460
He always goes if I want him to stay.
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It's a starting point.
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Politics
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are the starting point
of practical revolutionary action.
10:53.210 --> 10:54.210
I don't get it.
10:58.335 --> 10:59.960
You're too much.
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I don't understand.
11:03.085 --> 11:05.835
Now listen carefully, Yvonne,
it's easy.
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All revolutionary party action
is applied policy.
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If it's the wrong policy,
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it's the wrong politics.
11:17.793 --> 11:20.960
If you're unaware, you're blind.
11:22.460 --> 11:25.668
Why are you doing dishes,
for example?
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To clean them.
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Then you've understood.
11:30.918 --> 11:34.085
So 1967 France is like dirty dishes.
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Yeah.
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On a farm
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near Grenoble.
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It's a small village.
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5am in summer, 7am in winter.
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Light the fire, then go to the dairy.
11:57.585 --> 12:01.460
My brother's meal, then the pigs,
clean the stable.
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Lunch, the dishes,
washing, the mending.
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Usually had no time to mend.
12:11.085 --> 12:15.085
In the afternoon,
gather the eggs, then dinner.
12:15.335 --> 12:17.085
Then feed the calves.
12:17.210 --> 12:21.210
Light the lights in the hen-house.
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Then make yoghurt.
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Neocapitalist society
won't look at its own face...
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I arrived in Paris in 1960.
No, '65...
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Yes... sorry, in '64.
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Cleaning lady for three years.
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It's nice here on the top floor.
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It's well lit, airy.
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You know I worked at Passy before.
12:58.460 --> 13:03.085
Then at Auteuil
in those big bourgeois flats
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on the first floor.
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It's always so dark.
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I had to sweep in the dark.
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Already the metro was dark.
13:12.460 --> 13:15.335
So I went from dark to darkness.
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Always black.
13:17.960 --> 13:21.960
Then back into the dark metro
after work.
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Whereas here they talk and discuss.
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It's very clear for me.
13:33.168 --> 13:36.668
I used to talk while milking cows,
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mostly with strangers.
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In the country
women are pretty lost.
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Yes, I did some prostitution.
13:50.293 --> 13:51.460
Nearly a year...
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over by Stalingrad where I lived,
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and then on the Champs Elysees
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after I'd bought a car
with my money.
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A Fiat 850 convertible.
14:11.418 --> 14:13.918
When money's short, I still do it.
14:14.085 --> 14:18.793
When Henri can't sell
Red Guard for example,
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or when Veronique
can't find work teaching.
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I know it's a contradiction.
14:26.085 --> 14:27.835
Besides, Henri...
14:35.168 --> 14:36.918
...says I'm living proof
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of the answer
to the people's contradictions.
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I don't trust the Russians so much.
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When we screamed "US killers",
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all they could answer was,
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Red Guard killers.
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So I distrust them.
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Marxism-Leninism?
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Definitions.
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When the sun sets, it's all red.
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Then it disappears.
15:14.460 --> 15:19.085
But in my heart the sun never sets.
15:20.085 --> 15:23.335
Dictatorship is needed
to stop thieves,
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crooks, killers,
15:26.168 --> 15:29.085
pyromaniacs, gangs
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and all other evil minds
that upset public order.
15:38.460 --> 15:42.168
A Communist is frank,
open-minded, devoted,
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putting the revolution
before his life,
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above any personal interests.
15:48.460 --> 15:51.460
He must always hold
to just principles
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and fight any wrong ideas
or actions
15:55.085 --> 15:57.835
so as to help
the collective Party life
15:58.043 --> 16:00.543
reinforcing ties with the masses.
16:00.710 --> 16:04.585
He will think more of the Party
than the individual.
16:04.793 --> 16:07.418
He'll care for others
more than himself.
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Then he'll deserve
the name 'Communist'.
16:11.043 --> 16:15.168
A Communist must always
ask himself why
16:15.335 --> 16:16.960
and think carefully
16:17.210 --> 16:21.335
to see if everything
conforms to reality.
16:23.668 --> 16:27.210
A Communist is never infallible,
16:27.460 --> 16:29.210
should never be arrogant
16:29.460 --> 16:32.918
and never think things
are OK only at home.
16:44.168 --> 16:45.960
The history of mankind
16:46.168 --> 16:49.043
is a continual progress
from necessity
16:49.210 --> 16:51.335
to the reign of liberty.
16:51.710 --> 16:54.085
What's for Monday?
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Crime and politics.
17:00.543 --> 17:03.335
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL
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The student revolutionary movement
has grown.
17:10.085 --> 17:13.043
The white-collar
revolutionary struggle
17:13.210 --> 17:17.418
has spread among the workers
and peasants.
17:17.585 --> 17:19.043
This is Radio Peking.
17:19.418 --> 17:23.293
Comrades, that is the latest
news bulletin.
17:31.960 --> 17:34.460
- This is Omar.
- Louder.
17:34.710 --> 17:39.085
This is Omar, a comrade
in philosophy at Nanterre.
17:40.585 --> 17:41.960
That's enough.
17:43.460 --> 17:45.335
Comrades and friends...
17:46.460 --> 17:50.210
In addition
to his crimes and faults,
17:50.335 --> 17:53.085
those who blame Stalin...
17:55.335 --> 17:57.210
for all our deceptions,
17:57.710 --> 18:02.335
our mistakes and despair
in any sphere.
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They might be very upset
18:05.835 --> 18:09.585
to realise the end
of intellectual totalitarianism...
18:09.835 --> 18:11.960
- That's dogmatism.
- If you like.
18:12.085 --> 18:14.585
The end of intellectual dogmatism
18:14.835 --> 18:16.835
hasn't given us Marxism
18:17.085 --> 18:19.085
in its complete form.
18:19.335 --> 18:22.085
After all, we can only liberate
18:22.335 --> 18:25.835
what already exists,
even from dogmatism.
18:25.960 --> 18:31.085
Stalin's death meant
freedom for research
18:31.335 --> 18:36.960
and a fever of people rushing
to philosophise
18:37.210 --> 18:41.085
about their feelings
on liberation
18:41.335 --> 18:43.460
and their taste for freedom.
18:50.460 --> 18:52.335
Stalin's death gave us
18:52.585 --> 18:57.085
the right to count exactly
what we own.
18:57.210 --> 18:59.960
To call both wealth
and nakedness...
19:00.085 --> 19:01.710
by their real names,
19:01.960 --> 19:04.960
to think and talk aloud
about our problems
19:05.710 --> 19:09.210
and to undertake serious research.
19:09.460 --> 19:11.960
Stalin's death allowed us
19:12.210 --> 19:15.835
to get partially away
from our provincial theories.
19:16.585 --> 19:21.710
To recognise and know the existence
of others aside from us
19:21.960 --> 19:26.835
and seeing this exterior,
begin to see ourselves better.
19:26.960 --> 19:30.210
To know the place we occupy
in the knowledge
19:30.460 --> 19:32.210
and ignorance of Marxism
19:32.335 --> 19:35.960
and then begin to know ourselves.
19:38.960 --> 19:44.210
Today's task is simply to define,
19:44.460 --> 19:47.085
to face these problems
in the light of day
19:47.335 --> 19:50.085
if we want to give some existence
19:50.210 --> 19:54.585
and consistency
to Marxist philosophy.
19:55.085 --> 19:56.960
Any questions?
19:57.585 --> 20:00.210
Can a non-socialist revolution
20:00.460 --> 20:04.710
peacefully be changed
into a socialist one?
20:04.960 --> 20:07.710
Yes, under specific conditions.
20:08.335 --> 20:10.085
But never can
20:10.335 --> 20:13.835
an absence of revolution
be changed to revolution,
20:13.960 --> 20:18.210
nor into a socialist revolution,
and even to socialism.
20:18.460 --> 20:21.210
No matter how you look at it,
20:21.460 --> 20:26.085
the road to socialism
leads to revolution.
20:26.335 --> 20:30.585
But your question reveals
a false underlying notion.
20:31.960 --> 20:34.085
Where do just ideas arise?
20:34.835 --> 20:37.210
Where do just ideas come from?
20:39.585 --> 20:40.710
Out of the sky.
20:42.210 --> 20:47.585
No, they come
from social interaction, and...
20:47.710 --> 20:49.335
The fight to produce?
20:49.585 --> 20:50.460
Yes, and then...
20:56.085 --> 20:58.460
From scientific research.
20:59.085 --> 21:02.210
Yes, and what else?
21:03.835 --> 21:06.585
From the class struggle.
21:06.835 --> 21:10.835
Some classes are victorious,
others defeated.
21:11.085 --> 21:13.085
That's history.
21:13.335 --> 21:16.710
The history of all civilizations.
21:17.460 --> 21:20.710
Will it end
under proletarian dictatorship?
21:20.960 --> 21:23.460
No. In his speech
21:23.585 --> 21:25.835
to the transport workers
21:25.960 --> 21:27.835
on 29 March 1921,
21:28.335 --> 21:30.460
Lenin showed
21:30.710 --> 21:34.960
class struggle doesn't disappear
under proletarian dictatorship.
21:35.085 --> 21:37.835
It takes on other forms.
21:38.710 --> 21:44.085
As is happening in Russia today.
21:44.210 --> 21:50.085
Yes, in spite of the lies of the duo,
Brezhnev - Kosygin.
21:51.460 --> 21:54.460
Give up illusions
and prepare to fight.
21:54.710 --> 21:57.585
This world is as much yours as ours.
21:57.835 --> 21:59.710
Hope lies with you.
21:59.835 --> 22:02.210
To work is to fight
22:02.335 --> 22:07.085
and you must seek truth
in the facts.
22:07.335 --> 22:09.710
But exactly what is a fact?
22:10.710 --> 22:13.835
Facts are things and phenomena
22:14.085 --> 22:17.335
as they exist objectively.
22:17.585 --> 22:21.335
Truth is the link between things
and phenomena.
22:21.460 --> 22:23.585
Which is to say the laws.
22:23.835 --> 22:26.210
To seek is to study.
22:26.335 --> 22:27.710
We must begin
22:27.960 --> 22:31.085
with the internal
and external situation
22:31.210 --> 22:34.710
going from country to country.
22:34.835 --> 22:39.210
Sort out the laws that apply
to serve as guides
22:39.460 --> 22:42.960
and not use our imaginations.
22:44.585 --> 22:47.960
Which is to say find
the internal ties in events
22:48.210 --> 22:49.835
occurring around us.
22:49.960 --> 22:52.585
What made me discover Marxism?
22:52.835 --> 22:54.710
At first Nanterre bored me,
22:54.835 --> 22:57.460
because it was surrounded by slums.
22:57.585 --> 22:59.085
Then little by little,
22:59.210 --> 23:03.460
I found philosophy suited
a worker's suburb.
23:11.460 --> 23:15.210
We and the workers
lived like penned rabbits.
23:15.335 --> 23:17.335
But rabbits multiply.
23:18.960 --> 23:21.960
And in the mornings
I met the Algerian children
23:22.210 --> 23:24.210
and the mechanics from Simca.
23:28.460 --> 23:30.335
Right, so...
23:30.585 --> 23:32.710
I thought I passed them by,
23:32.960 --> 23:35.335
but we stopped in the same cafes.
23:35.585 --> 23:37.585
We were at the station together,
23:37.835 --> 23:40.710
had the same rain
and nearly the same work.
23:43.710 --> 23:46.085
That's where I understood
23:46.335 --> 23:49.460
the three basic inequalities
of capitalism
23:49.710 --> 23:52.835
and especially
of the Gaullist regime in France.
23:53.835 --> 23:58.210
No difference in intellectual
and manual work
23:58.460 --> 24:00.335
between town and country.
24:00.460 --> 24:04.210
I see those here all the time.
24:04.460 --> 24:06.960
Third, between farming and industry.
24:07.210 --> 24:12.335
That also pushed me
to study Marxism-Leninism.
24:13.085 --> 24:15.460
Seriously, if I were brave,
24:15.710 --> 24:19.835
I'd dynamite the Sorbonne,
the Louvre, the Comédie-Française.
24:20.085 --> 24:21.085
Really?
24:26.210 --> 24:28.210
The revolution's no party.
24:28.460 --> 24:31.585
It's not made like a work of art.
24:31.835 --> 24:36.085
It can't be done
with elegance and peace of mind,
24:36.210 --> 24:38.960
with such tenderness and manners
24:39.210 --> 24:41.335
with reserve and generosity.
24:41.585 --> 24:44.210
Revolution is a violent uprising
24:44.460 --> 24:47.210
when one class overthrows another.
24:47.710 --> 24:49.585
I'm in the philosophy class.
25:00.085 --> 25:02.710
I know I'm cut off from the workers.
25:02.960 --> 25:05.335
After all, my family are bankers.
25:05.585 --> 25:07.335
I've always lived with them.
25:09.960 --> 25:11.835
None of that's very clear.
25:12.460 --> 25:15.960
That's exactly why
I keep on studying.
25:19.210 --> 25:22.835
To understand first
and then to change,
25:22.960 --> 25:25.835
and then formulate a theory.
25:33.460 --> 25:36.210
For myself, for example.
25:38.335 --> 25:41.210
Not based on misery,
but prosperity.
25:42.835 --> 25:44.710
Since I often profit from it.
25:46.335 --> 25:48.210
Even if I am ashamed of it.
25:48.460 --> 25:50.710
You often hear "a quick retort",
25:50.835 --> 25:52.960
what does that mean?
25:53.210 --> 25:54.585
Quick retort?
25:57.210 --> 26:00.085
For us it's to first eliminate exams.
26:02.335 --> 26:04.960
Since we learn nothing
and can't copy
26:05.085 --> 26:06.835
and it's a kind of racism,
26:07.085 --> 26:10.460
since they're
for full-time students
26:10.835 --> 26:14.710
and create anxiety
and sexual frustration.
26:16.460 --> 26:19.085
Should books be burned?
26:20.710 --> 26:22.585
No, they shouldn't.
26:23.085 --> 26:25.335
We couldn't criticize them then.
26:25.960 --> 26:28.085
And youth all aflame
holds nothing back.
26:28.210 --> 26:30.460
Hate, love, sorrow, happiness.
26:30.710 --> 26:32.585
It is ready to pour out its heart.
26:32.710 --> 26:36.335
In love like an invalid,
Onéguine...
26:38.210 --> 26:40.460
With a serious look, Onéguine
26:40.585 --> 26:42.960
listened to the poet's heart
26:43.085 --> 26:46.335
reveal its guileless awareness.
27:05.085 --> 27:06.585
I want to be blind.
27:07.585 --> 27:08.710
Why?
27:09.835 --> 27:13.710
To speak to each other better.
We'd listen carefully.
27:14.835 --> 27:16.335
Yes, how?
27:17.085 --> 27:19.585
We'd use language differently.
27:21.460 --> 27:25.085
Don't forget in 2,000 years
words have changed meaning.
27:25.960 --> 27:27.085
So?
27:29.085 --> 27:32.835
So, we'd talk seriously
to each other.
27:33.085 --> 27:34.460
Which means
27:35.335 --> 27:38.085
finally meanings
would change words.
27:41.210 --> 27:42.460
Right.
27:43.210 --> 27:46.335
Talk as if words were
sounds and matter.
27:48.585 --> 27:49.585
That's...
27:50.835 --> 27:52.960
what they are.
27:54.335 --> 27:55.585
Veronique.
27:57.335 --> 27:59.335
Right, let's try then.
28:01.835 --> 28:03.585
On the river bank.
28:05.585 --> 28:07.335
Green and blue.
28:08.335 --> 28:09.585
Tenderness.
28:11.585 --> 28:13.210
A bit of despair.
28:13.835 --> 28:15.335
After tomorrow.
28:15.460 --> 28:16.835
Maybe.
28:18.835 --> 28:20.585
Literary theory.
28:21.960 --> 28:23.835
A film by Nicolas.
28:25.085 --> 28:26.335
Ray.
28:27.085 --> 28:30.335
The Moscow trials.
28:32.835 --> 28:34.460
Red bird.
28:34.710 --> 28:35.835
Rock...
28:38.585 --> 28:39.960
and roll.
28:40.835 --> 28:42.335
Et cetera.
28:48.710 --> 28:50.335
You know I love you.
30:09.710 --> 30:11.335
The...
30:11.710 --> 30:12.960
theoretical...
30:13.960 --> 30:15.210
base...
30:15.960 --> 30:17.210
which...
30:17.835 --> 30:19.210
serves...
30:19.835 --> 30:21.335
as...
30:21.460 --> 30:22.710
a guide...
30:22.835 --> 30:24.085
in...
30:24.210 --> 30:25.460
our...
30:25.710 --> 30:27.210
thinking...
30:27.335 --> 30:28.335
is...
30:28.585 --> 30:29.710
Marxism...
30:30.085 --> 30:31.335
Leninism.
30:35.835 --> 30:38.710
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL ALIVE
30:45.085 --> 30:46.835
Comrades and friends.
30:46.960 --> 30:48.585
Today is current events.
30:48.835 --> 30:51.585
We see them daily at the movies.
30:51.710 --> 30:56.460
There's a false idea
about current events at the movies.
30:57.585 --> 31:00.335
They say Lumiere
invented current events.
31:01.710 --> 31:03.585
He made documentaries.
31:03.835 --> 31:05.835
But there was also Melies,
31:06.085 --> 31:08.460
who made fiction.
31:08.585 --> 31:11.335
He was a dreamer filming fantasies.
31:11.710 --> 31:13.460
I think just the opposite.
31:13.710 --> 31:14.960
Prove it.
31:16.085 --> 31:19.585
Two days ago
I saw a film by Mr Langlois,
31:19.710 --> 31:22.585
the director of the Cinematheque,
about Lumiere.
31:22.710 --> 31:25.835
It proves Lumiere was a painter.
31:27.085 --> 31:29.585
He filmed the same things
31:29.835 --> 31:33.460
painters were painting at that time,
31:33.710 --> 31:35.835
men like Charo, Manet or Renoir.
31:36.085 --> 31:37.085
What did he film?
31:37.210 --> 31:39.835
He filmed train stations.
31:40.085 --> 31:42.585
He filmed public gardens,
31:42.710 --> 31:44.335
workers going home,
31:44.460 --> 31:45.710
men playing cards.
31:45.960 --> 31:47.085
He filmed trams.
31:47.335 --> 31:50.085
One of the last great
Impressionists?
31:50.335 --> 31:53.460
Exactly, a contemporary of Proust.
31:53.710 --> 31:55.960
So Melies did the same thing.
31:56.210 --> 31:59.210
No, what was Melies doing
at that time?
31:59.460 --> 32:01.835
He filmed a trip to the moon.
32:02.085 --> 32:06.335
Melies filmed
32:06.460 --> 32:10.085
the King of Yugoslavia's visit
to President Fallieres.
32:10.210 --> 32:11.835
And now in perspective,
32:12.085 --> 32:15.335
we realise
those were the current events.
32:15.460 --> 32:17.460
No kidding, it's true.
32:18.210 --> 32:22.835
He made current events.
They were re-enacted, alright.
32:23.085 --> 32:25.085
Yet they were the real events.
32:25.335 --> 32:27.835
I'd even say
Melies was like Brecht.
32:28.960 --> 32:30.835
We mustn't forget that.
32:30.960 --> 32:32.835
And why mustn't we?
32:33.085 --> 32:34.710
Why mustn't we?
32:37.710 --> 32:39.210
So why?
32:40.460 --> 32:41.710
Why?
32:43.835 --> 32:47.835
Because an analysis
of a specific situation,
32:48.085 --> 32:50.835
as Lenin says, is the essential...
32:51.085 --> 32:51.835
An analysis?
32:52.085 --> 32:53.710
...the soul of Marxism.
32:53.960 --> 32:55.085
What's analysis?
32:56.335 --> 32:59.210
It's seeing
the inherent contradictions...
32:59.335 --> 33:01.460
OK, but why analysis?
33:01.710 --> 33:02.835
Because
33:02.960 --> 33:07.960
things are complicated
by determining factors.
33:08.085 --> 33:11.335
Yes, Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin
33:11.460 --> 33:14.710
teach us to carefully study
the situation
33:15.460 --> 33:17.960
very conscientiously.
33:18.460 --> 33:22.210
Starting from objective reality,
33:22.835 --> 33:25.835
not from our subjective desires.
33:26.710 --> 33:27.585
Right?
33:27.710 --> 33:29.085
OK, exactly.
33:29.210 --> 33:30.960
Especially in the news.
33:31.085 --> 33:33.835
We must examine
the different aspects,
33:33.960 --> 33:35.585
not just one.
33:38.835 --> 33:42.085
Enough theory. Now a problem.
33:43.835 --> 33:46.335
Which one do you want?
33:47.085 --> 33:48.085
War.
33:48.335 --> 33:49.335
Asia.
33:49.460 --> 33:53.460
The war in Asia, Vietnam, then.
33:53.960 --> 33:55.960
Who are the actors?
33:56.085 --> 33:57.085
The Americans.
33:57.335 --> 33:58.460
The Americans.
34:00.085 --> 34:05.085
Americans... who have dropped
more bombs on a tiny country
34:05.835 --> 34:09.460
than during the World War
and are wrong in their doctrine,
34:09.710 --> 34:11.460
Asia for the Americans.
34:11.585 --> 34:12.835
The Russians.
34:13.085 --> 34:17.085
The Russians are a bit cowardly
as they go,
34:17.210 --> 34:19.085
Do as I say, not as I do.
34:20.335 --> 34:21.585
The Chinese.
34:21.710 --> 34:23.585
Oh yes... the Chinese.
34:23.710 --> 34:26.210
The Chinese who apply Mao's ideas.
34:28.960 --> 34:32.710
Reactionaries are paper tigers.
34:32.960 --> 34:34.960
They appear ferocious.
34:35.210 --> 34:38.085
But they're not really so powerful.
34:38.460 --> 34:40.460
At the Moscow conference
34:40.710 --> 34:44.335
of Communist workers
on 18 November 1957:
34:44.835 --> 34:48.460
Strategically we must scorn the enemy
34:48.585 --> 34:52.460
but tactically weigh him carefully.
34:55.960 --> 34:59.210
Then there are the others,
the on-lookers,
34:59.960 --> 35:02.585
the indifferent, the lazy,
people like...
35:02.835 --> 35:03.960
like the French...
35:06.543 --> 35:07.960
Or the English.
35:11.293 --> 35:13.710
Isn't Vietnam an actor?
35:13.835 --> 35:15.210
Yes, Vietnam.
35:21.668 --> 35:23.043
Help, help.
35:24.418 --> 35:27.710
First a few facts,
as truth lies there.
35:37.210 --> 35:38.585
The NLF will win.
35:39.168 --> 35:40.793
The NLF will win.
35:57.835 --> 35:59.210
In short.
35:59.418 --> 36:02.085
The liberation army
in Ta Kien province
36:02.210 --> 36:05.835
has killed and captured
10 of the 300 puppet soldiers.
36:06.043 --> 36:07.835
Radio Peking...
36:08.335 --> 36:11.918
In brief, Johnson's fighting
Communism in Vietnam.
36:12.543 --> 36:14.918
OK, right.
36:15.085 --> 36:18.710
That proves there are
two kinds of Communism,
36:18.960 --> 36:22.585
since in Europe
he's not fighting it at all.
36:22.835 --> 36:25.960
On the contrary,
he signs agreements with Moscow.
36:26.585 --> 36:29.918
He invites Hungarian swimmers
to Los Angeles.
36:30.085 --> 36:32.710
He invites Czech violinists
36:32.918 --> 36:35.835
to play with the Boston Symphony.
36:36.043 --> 36:38.710
He builds factories
in Romania, in Poland,
36:38.960 --> 36:41.585
while destroying
the factories in Hanoi.
36:42.085 --> 36:44.918
Help, help, help.
36:45.668 --> 36:49.210
Help, Mr Kosygin, help.
36:49.710 --> 36:52.835
That proves there are two
Communisms.
36:52.960 --> 36:55.085
A dangerous one,
36:55.293 --> 36:57.335
and one not dangerous.
36:57.710 --> 37:01.168
A Communism Johnson must fight,
37:01.335 --> 37:03.585
and one he holds out his hand to.
37:03.835 --> 37:05.793
Hello Kosygin, you OK?
37:05.960 --> 37:09.710
And why is one of them
no longer dangerous?
37:10.335 --> 37:11.960
Because it has changed.
37:12.168 --> 37:14.168
The Americans haven't.
37:14.335 --> 37:16.293
They're an imperialist power.
37:17.460 --> 37:22.293
Since they haven't changed,
then it's the others who've changed.
37:22.460 --> 37:27.210
The Russians and their friends
have become revisionists
37:27.918 --> 37:30.543
that Americans can get on with.
37:30.710 --> 37:34.835
While the real Communists
that haven't changed
37:35.710 --> 37:38.460
need to be kicked in the face.
37:38.710 --> 37:41.085
That's what Vietnam's about.
37:41.335 --> 37:42.960
I'm for peace in Vietnam.
37:43.418 --> 37:45.835
Whether intentionally or not,
37:46.085 --> 37:49.418
both the Russians and Americans...
37:50.710 --> 37:52.460
I'm for peace in Vietnam.
37:54.335 --> 37:57.585
...are fighting the real Communists,
in China.
37:58.335 --> 38:01.543
That's a general conclusion.
38:01.710 --> 38:02.960
As for Vietnam...
38:03.668 --> 38:07.710
Help, help, Mr Kosygin!
38:07.918 --> 38:10.793
Help, Mr Kosygin!
38:16.460 --> 38:19.168
Hurry, Mr Kosygin!
38:21.543 --> 38:22.960
A specific conclusion is...
38:23.168 --> 38:24.085
Any
38:24.210 --> 38:25.543
progressive
38:25.710 --> 38:27.335
war... is just.
38:27.543 --> 38:30.085
Any war... opposing progress...
38:30.210 --> 38:31.668
is unjust.
38:31.835 --> 38:32.960
We other...
38:34.043 --> 38:37.210
Communists... are fighting...
against...
38:37.960 --> 38:39.543
all... such...
38:39.793 --> 38:41.168
unjust... wars.
38:42.918 --> 38:46.585
But we aren't... against...
progressive wars.
38:48.585 --> 38:49.835
Friends, comrades.
38:50.085 --> 38:53.460
Why is being American intolerable?
38:55.585 --> 38:57.668
An important question.
38:57.835 --> 39:04.085
Indeed, if a socialist might admire
the wealth of the US
39:04.293 --> 39:10.460
he must place it in perspective
in the relative world context...
39:12.668 --> 39:14.835
...and at that level understand it,
39:15.043 --> 39:18.085
using rareness and exploitation
as criteria.
39:18.335 --> 39:20.793
Rareness, exploitation.
39:21.543 --> 39:25.335
Protesting the structures
that feed it.
39:25.585 --> 39:26.960
Structures.
39:27.710 --> 39:32.460
Otherwise socialism falls
into the right-wing trap...
39:32.710 --> 39:33.835
Trap.
39:35.210 --> 39:39.085
...which is the Stalinism
of Capitalistic abundance,
39:39.335 --> 39:44.085
an apology for power, for luxury.
39:44.793 --> 39:46.668
A good example is
39:46.835 --> 39:51.210
the current French Finance Minister,
Mr Michel Debré.
39:51.668 --> 39:52.668
For us,
39:53.335 --> 39:56.835
the human sciences must again be...
39:57.043 --> 39:58.710
what they were for Marx.
39:58.918 --> 40:01.043
A political instrument.
40:01.918 --> 40:03.960
A fighting truth.
40:04.168 --> 40:06.460
A fighting truth.
40:07.085 --> 40:10.418
Don't forget
the 19th century Marxists,
40:10.585 --> 40:13.710
before filling
the Russian academies,
40:13.960 --> 40:16.293
were men of science.
40:16.668 --> 40:19.210
Hooligan iconoclasts
40:19.460 --> 40:21.085
and revolutionaries.
40:21.335 --> 40:23.085
Revolutionaries.
40:24.085 --> 40:26.710
Today some schools
for human sciences
40:26.835 --> 40:31.210
are retracing the road to Marxism,
but backwards.
40:31.710 --> 40:33.585
Not to show flaws in society,
40:34.960 --> 40:37.835
but to show flaws as part of a whole,
40:37.960 --> 40:42.460
to show how men's will and projects
cannot change.
40:42.793 --> 40:45.585
Structure, change.
40:46.543 --> 40:51.460
In short, man is an idea
of modern thinkers
40:52.335 --> 40:54.960
that can be transcended.
40:55.835 --> 41:00.418
This situation
in the human sciences
41:00.668 --> 41:03.710
that Sartre tried to upset
by his genius...
41:04.168 --> 41:06.585
this situation is disturbing...
41:07.085 --> 41:07.960
Disturbing.
41:08.585 --> 41:10.085
It's the image
41:10.710 --> 41:14.168
of the impotence of Europe's left.
41:16.293 --> 41:20.085
That impotence
indicates its decline.
41:20.293 --> 41:23.085
THEY CONTINUE
41:23.210 --> 41:25.460
We're a bit like Robinson.
41:25.585 --> 41:28.668
Remember Engel's text on Robinson?
41:28.835 --> 41:30.335
In what?
41:30.543 --> 41:32.460
In Anti-Duhring.
41:32.668 --> 41:34.585
Guillaume, answer the phone!
41:40.168 --> 41:44.210
What surprises me
are your quarrels with the Party.
41:45.918 --> 41:48.918
After a while I discovered
41:49.710 --> 41:52.960
three quarters of the ideas
and analyses
41:53.793 --> 41:55.793
by the Party are false
41:55.960 --> 41:57.835
for intellectuals.
41:58.918 --> 42:00.168
Too close to Moscow.
42:00.460 --> 42:03.918
Look. Nizan is dead,
Merleau is dead.
42:04.085 --> 42:07.168
Sartre's hiding in Flaubert,
Aragon in maths.
42:08.460 --> 42:12.960
I find them both moving now.
42:13.293 --> 42:16.335
Right, but it's tragic also.
42:17.168 --> 42:19.335
It's the Party's fault?
42:19.543 --> 42:21.918
Yes, exactly.
42:22.085 --> 42:24.668
That's why we must seek our ideal
42:24.835 --> 42:27.210
1,000 km away in Peking.
42:29.210 --> 42:32.668
Listen:
No matter what his position,
42:32.960 --> 42:35.835
no Communist
should automatically treat,
42:36.085 --> 42:40.293
without due process,
the Chinese Cultural Revolution
42:40.460 --> 42:43.543
like just another fact or argument.
42:43.710 --> 42:46.585
The Cultural Revolution
isn't an argument.
42:46.835 --> 42:48.793
First it's historical fact,
42:48.960 --> 42:52.293
an historical fact
unlike any other.
42:52.460 --> 42:54.043
Then there's this.
42:54.668 --> 42:57.418
Exporting cultural revolt
is impossible,
42:57.585 --> 43:00.043
as it belongs to China.
43:00.210 --> 43:04.293
But the theoretical lessons
belong to all Communists.
43:04.460 --> 43:09.210
They must borrow the lessons
and make them their own.
43:09.418 --> 43:11.210
Guillaume, answer the phone!
43:16.210 --> 43:17.960
I'm Veronique Supervielle.
43:18.210 --> 43:21.210
I'm 19 years, eight months,
43:21.460 --> 43:24.210
14 hours, two minutes,
43:24.585 --> 43:29.043
SECOND MOVEMENT OF THE FILM
43:29.210 --> 43:33.043
Vietnam burns
and me I spurn Mao Mao
43:33.335 --> 43:37.168
Johnson giggles
and me I wiggle Mao Mao
43:37.710 --> 43:41.085
Napalm runs and me I gun Mao Mao
43:42.085 --> 43:45.835
Cities die and me I cry Mao Mao
43:46.460 --> 43:50.085
Whores cry and me I sigh Mao Mao
43:50.710 --> 43:54.460
The rice is mad and me a cad
43:55.085 --> 43:58.960
It's the Little Red Book
43:59.335 --> 44:03.668
That makes it all move
44:04.335 --> 44:08.293
Imperialism lays down the law
44:08.460 --> 44:12.710
Revolution is not a party
44:12.918 --> 44:16.335
The A-bomb is a paper tiger
44:16.960 --> 44:20.960
The masses are the real heroes
44:21.210 --> 44:24.960
The Yanks kill and me I read Mao Mao
44:25.460 --> 44:29.710
The jester is king
and me I sing Mao Mao
44:29.960 --> 44:33.960
The bombs go off
and me I scoff Mao Mao
44:34.210 --> 44:38.293
Girls run and me I follow Mao Mao
44:38.460 --> 44:42.460
The Russians eat
and me I dance Mao Mao
44:42.668 --> 44:46.710
I denounce and I renounce Mao Mao
44:46.960 --> 44:50.960
It's the Little Red Book
44:51.210 --> 44:54.960
That makes it all move.
44:55.418 --> 44:58.335
THEY CONTINUE THE REIGN
45:03.418 --> 45:05.168
And now El Cordobes.
45:09.710 --> 45:11.168
Paco Camino.
45:16.335 --> 45:18.460
Why did he ditch our bull's head?
45:18.710 --> 45:20.835
We can't have any more fun.
45:21.085 --> 45:23.710
He's mad and going to commit suicide.
45:25.168 --> 45:27.918
- Hurry up, Fernand.
- Coming...
45:28.085 --> 45:29.793
Look at that, Isabelle.
45:29.960 --> 45:32.335
Great racing handlebars and a seat.
45:33.585 --> 45:35.293
- He took it?
- Yes.
45:35.460 --> 45:37.585
He's a stupid prick.
45:37.793 --> 45:39.585
No, that worker's a genius.
45:39.835 --> 45:43.418
With a bull's head he made
handlebars and a seat.
45:44.710 --> 45:47.668
Divine metamorphosis, Mr Malraux.
45:56.085 --> 45:59.710
He who speaks of struggle...
46:02.835 --> 46:05.793
...speaks of sacrifice.
46:05.960 --> 46:07.835
And death...
46:08.960 --> 46:11.210
...is a common thing.
46:11.585 --> 46:14.543
THE REIGN OF DESPOTISM
IN ASIA, AFRICA...
46:20.043 --> 46:22.335
...AND LATIN AMERICA
46:22.543 --> 46:26.210
One: the history of art
in the last 100 years
46:26.418 --> 46:29.585
is the road leading to the concept
46:29.793 --> 46:34.543
of art as its own science.
46:36.168 --> 46:37.293
Two.
46:38.835 --> 46:40.835
We are not the ones
46:41.043 --> 46:44.710
using obscure language.
46:45.210 --> 46:48.085
It's our society,
46:48.918 --> 46:52.085
which is hermetic and closed up
46:52.918 --> 46:57.918
in the poorest
of languages possible.
46:58.085 --> 46:59.585
Three:
46:59.793 --> 47:02.293
Maiakovsky in poetry.
47:02.460 --> 47:05.793
Eisenstein in movies.
47:06.460 --> 47:08.585
All those fighting
47:08.793 --> 47:13.710
for a definition of socialist art
47:13.960 --> 47:18.085
were knifed in the back
47:18.293 --> 47:22.460
by Trotsky and the others.
47:22.668 --> 47:27.210
Those who two months
after taking the Winter Palace,
47:27.460 --> 47:31.585
accepted imperialist language
47:31.835 --> 47:35.085
to sign the peace treaty
47:35.335 --> 47:38.043
of Brest-Litovsk.
47:39.585 --> 47:44.335
Art doesn't reproduce the visible.
47:44.543 --> 47:46.835
It makes visible.
47:47.085 --> 47:50.168
But the aesthetic effect
is imaginary.
47:51.210 --> 47:57.210
Yes, but the imaginary
doesn't reflect reality.
47:58.043 --> 48:01.085
It's the reality of the reflection.
48:02.168 --> 48:06.585
You sometimes hear statements like,
48:06.710 --> 48:10.210
Use only three colours.
48:10.418 --> 48:13.085
The three primary colours,
48:13.335 --> 48:16.210
blue, yellow and red.
48:16.418 --> 48:21.335
Perfectly pure
and perfectly balanced,
48:21.668 --> 48:26.710
on the pretext that
all the other colours are there.
48:36.460 --> 48:39.793
For everything we see,
48:39.960 --> 48:43.085
we must consider three things.
48:44.585 --> 48:48.085
The position of the seeing eye,
48:49.168 --> 48:50.668
of the object seen
48:50.835 --> 48:54.085
and of the source of light.
48:55.043 --> 48:56.543
Perhaps reality
48:57.043 --> 49:01.668
hasn't yet appeared to anyone.
49:02.460 --> 49:03.960
As for us...
49:04.668 --> 49:08.960
we demand the unity
of politics and art.
49:09.793 --> 49:13.960
The unity of content and form,
49:14.460 --> 49:19.585
the unity
of a revolutionary content.
49:19.793 --> 49:20.960
And...
49:22.418 --> 49:24.710
...an artistic form
49:25.960 --> 49:28.918
as perfect as possible.
49:31.043 --> 49:35.085
Works lacking artistic value,
49:35.710 --> 49:40.085
no matter how politically advanced
49:40.293 --> 49:42.960
are ineffective.
49:45.210 --> 49:49.668
In literature and in art we must
49:50.085 --> 49:53.085
fight on two fronts.
50:01.085 --> 50:02.960
Fighting on two fronts...
50:03.793 --> 50:05.585
I find too complicated.
50:07.335 --> 50:09.335
I do only one thing at a time.
50:12.335 --> 50:14.460
I don't understand how you can
50:14.668 --> 50:17.835
listen to music and write
at the same time.
50:28.335 --> 50:29.585
Two fronts.
50:29.835 --> 50:31.668
Too complicated.
50:39.835 --> 50:41.418
Do you love me?
50:42.168 --> 50:43.960
Of course I do.
50:45.418 --> 50:47.918
I've decided
I don't love you anymore.
50:48.085 --> 50:49.543
What's going on?
50:49.710 --> 50:52.793
I no longer like your face,
eyes, mouth.
50:52.960 --> 50:56.210
Nor your sweaters.
And you bore me terribly.
50:57.418 --> 50:58.585
What's happening?
50:58.835 --> 50:59.835
I don't love you.
51:00.043 --> 51:01.293
I don't understand.
51:01.460 --> 51:02.793
You will.
51:09.293 --> 51:10.335
Veronique.
51:10.585 --> 51:11.835
You will.
51:13.043 --> 51:16.460
Explain why you're saying that.
51:23.335 --> 51:25.418
I no longer love you.
51:26.835 --> 51:28.710
You interfere.
51:30.418 --> 51:31.835
You worry me.
51:32.085 --> 51:34.418
Love's too difficult with you.
51:35.460 --> 51:38.710
I hate how you discuss
things you ignore.
51:40.710 --> 51:42.460
I don't love you.
51:45.918 --> 51:47.710
I don't love you.
51:54.210 --> 51:56.043
Understand now?
51:57.918 --> 51:59.585
Yeah, I do.
52:00.585 --> 52:02.043
I'm very sad...
52:03.210 --> 52:04.793
...but I understand.
52:06.585 --> 52:09.543
You see, you can do
two things at once.
52:12.043 --> 52:14.585
To understand you had to do it.
52:14.793 --> 52:16.210
Music and language.
52:21.835 --> 52:24.085
You must struggle on two fronts.
52:36.210 --> 52:38.710
But you really scared me.
52:40.418 --> 52:42.460
Me too, I'm often scared.
52:47.543 --> 52:51.668
THEY CONTINUE OPPRESSION
IN THE WEST
53:02.835 --> 53:05.793
Some comrades
have bad work habits,
53:05.960 --> 53:08.793
the antithesis
of the Marxist spirit.
53:09.668 --> 53:12.543
Like catching birds blindfolded.
53:14.335 --> 53:16.210
Why are you looking at me?
53:16.918 --> 53:19.460
I'm not a strange animal.
53:19.668 --> 53:21.710
I'm a human being.
53:22.918 --> 53:24.460
And your look
53:24.668 --> 53:29.918
is the same as Whites in America
looking at Blacks
53:30.960 --> 53:33.460
or Arabs looking at Jews,
53:33.710 --> 53:36.710
or vice versa in the Middle East.
53:36.960 --> 53:39.960
And in the Communist world,
Russians
53:40.168 --> 53:41.418
looking at Chinese.
53:41.585 --> 53:43.293
1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
53:44.460 --> 53:49.710
There's no face that can't be drawn,
53:49.960 --> 53:52.043
like the face of a dream.
53:52.460 --> 53:55.293
Serge Dimitri Kirilov.
53:57.085 --> 53:58.543
Not Novalis.
53:58.710 --> 54:00.585
But it was voted yesterday.
54:00.793 --> 54:02.835
But he's a scholar, not a poet.
54:05.085 --> 54:07.835
A scholar on poetry
like Brecht on theatre.
54:10.710 --> 54:15.168
The Party controls the guns.
Guns must not control the Party.
54:23.460 --> 54:24.668
Poor Novalis.
54:27.793 --> 54:30.335
How to unite Marxist-Leninist theory
54:30.543 --> 54:32.918
and the practice of revolution?
54:34.335 --> 54:36.460
There's a well-known saying.
54:37.168 --> 54:39.335
It's like shooting at a target.
54:39.543 --> 54:42.835
Just like aiming at the target,
54:43.085 --> 54:46.335
Marxism-Leninism
must aim at revolution.
54:56.210 --> 54:58.460
You can disagree
54:58.960 --> 55:04.460
with the terms I use
to define the problem.
55:04.668 --> 55:06.793
But if, like most workers,
55:06.960 --> 55:10.793
who use their hands and heads
55:10.960 --> 55:13.418
you judge or vaguely feel
55:13.585 --> 55:16.960
that capitalism is no better today
than yesterday...
55:17.210 --> 55:18.460
Back to Moscow!
55:18.710 --> 55:21.585
...As economic
and social development,
55:21.835 --> 55:25.210
as a way of life,
as a system of relations
55:25.460 --> 55:26.585
of men together.
55:26.835 --> 55:29.793
With their work, with nature.
55:29.960 --> 55:32.210
With the people of the world.
55:32.460 --> 55:35.960
Kosygin and Johnson are killers.
55:36.168 --> 55:40.585
By the use he does or does not make
of resources and science,
55:40.793 --> 55:44.210
of present and future
creative capacities,
55:44.418 --> 55:46.460
of each person.
55:46.668 --> 55:48.710
What of Siniavsky?
55:48.918 --> 55:53.210
And if you adhere to socialism
with that feeling
55:53.460 --> 55:58.335
the problem of its rise to power
is put in those terms.
56:00.168 --> 56:06.335
Once you admit that violent revolt
and barricades
56:06.585 --> 56:11.585
can't occur
in advanced capitalism
56:11.835 --> 56:15.960
in France, Sweden, Italy,
56:16.168 --> 56:20.168
you can agree
with the French Communist Party...
56:21.835 --> 56:25.168
Revisionist, revisionist!
56:27.460 --> 56:32.668
THIRD MOVEMENT OF THE FILM
56:34.585 --> 56:35.960
Isn't that Michel?
56:36.835 --> 56:37.835
You think so?
56:38.085 --> 56:41.210
Listen to how he pronounces "s".
56:41.460 --> 56:43.668
Maybe you're right.
56:43.835 --> 56:45.585
Maybe Claude's there.
56:45.793 --> 56:48.085
Veronique said she had a letter.
56:48.293 --> 56:50.835
In July he'll bring committee orders
56:51.085 --> 56:54.460
on beginning hostilities
and against whom.
56:54.710 --> 56:56.710
- Am I in it?
- No.
56:56.918 --> 57:01.710
The combat group will have its own
organisation, personnel and finances.
57:01.960 --> 57:03.293
This is Radio Peking.
57:03.668 --> 57:05.585
Comrades and friends...
57:07.168 --> 57:09.918
Those in favour raise their hands.
57:27.710 --> 57:32.460
Majority decision is to create
a special combat organisation
57:32.668 --> 57:35.543
which, in strict observance
of conspiracy
57:35.710 --> 57:37.335
and division of labour
57:37.585 --> 57:41.085
will take care exclusively
of terrorist activity.
57:45.085 --> 57:47.210
Now let's draw lots.
57:48.460 --> 57:50.293
Open it and read.
57:56.585 --> 58:01.418
Men use
58:01.585 --> 58:07.210
the sciences of nature
58:07.460 --> 58:10.585
as a weapon
58:10.793 --> 58:16.835
in their struggle for liberty.
58:22.293 --> 58:24.960
DIALOGUE 4
HENRI AFTER HIS EXCLUSION
58:28.960 --> 58:32.043
Since January,
58:32.210 --> 58:34.168
maybe December.
58:35.710 --> 58:37.210
You left them?
58:38.460 --> 58:41.418
Yes, well, they excluded me.
58:41.585 --> 58:43.210
It's all the same.
58:44.585 --> 58:46.210
Why did they throw you out?
58:47.293 --> 58:51.335
I refused to criticize myself.
58:52.460 --> 58:53.960
How did it happen?
58:55.835 --> 58:58.710
Like in all cells,
58:58.918 --> 59:00.335
there was a vote.
59:02.418 --> 59:04.543
But what led to the vote?
59:08.085 --> 59:11.335
It started
59:12.085 --> 59:15.085
during Veronique's exposé.
59:15.293 --> 59:17.835
The forms of oppression
aren't the same.
59:18.085 --> 59:19.960
Life now under Pompidou
59:20.210 --> 59:23.293
isn't like during the war
under Hitler.
59:24.335 --> 59:26.668
Yet, comrades and friends...
59:26.835 --> 59:30.543
Just as Serge showed
how art doesn't reflect reality,
59:30.710 --> 59:33.168
but is the reality of reflection,
59:33.335 --> 59:38.043
such is the reality of formulas used
by friends of Pompidou and Malraux
59:38.210 --> 59:41.585
to ban a film like The Nun
by Jacques Rivette.
59:41.835 --> 59:45.710
It's that reality,
since in formulas there's form
59:45.960 --> 59:49.793
which makes me think
it's a form of oppression.
59:51.460 --> 59:54.835
She was confusing Marx and theatre
59:56.210 --> 59:59.710
and politics,
and that's romanticism.
01:00:01.793 --> 01:00:05.960
She behaved in life like an actress.
01:00:07.043 --> 01:00:09.585
She was influenced by Guillaume.
01:00:09.793 --> 01:00:10.835
Who's he?
01:00:11.085 --> 01:00:12.418
An actor.
01:00:12.585 --> 01:00:14.043
He was one of the group?
01:00:14.585 --> 01:00:17.835
Yes... a fanatic.
01:00:18.543 --> 01:00:22.210
His father had worked with Arthaud.
01:00:23.918 --> 01:00:28.168
While with Kosygin, Wilson,
Pompidou, it's sweet death.
01:00:29.168 --> 01:00:31.335
If that doesn't suit you,
01:00:31.543 --> 01:00:34.210
there's violent death
in North Vietnam.
01:00:35.168 --> 01:00:38.835
While in the South,
sweet death is enough.
01:00:39.085 --> 01:00:40.710
But I say it's the same
01:00:40.835 --> 01:00:43.918
in literary and scientific studies.
01:00:44.918 --> 01:00:48.793
The Left has suggested reforms.
01:00:49.960 --> 01:00:52.585
As long as Racine portrays
men as they are.
01:00:52.835 --> 01:00:55.335
As long as Sade is prohibited.
01:00:55.585 --> 01:00:59.543
As long as maths isn't taught
in nurseries.
01:00:59.710 --> 01:01:04.085
As long as they subsidize the queers
at the Comédie-Française
01:01:04.835 --> 01:01:07.585
more than Planchon or Bourseiller.
01:01:09.585 --> 01:01:12.293
The reforms are a dead letter,
01:01:12.460 --> 01:01:14.835
because it's dead language.
01:01:15.043 --> 01:01:17.460
It's class culture
01:01:17.668 --> 01:01:19.960
taught by one class.
01:01:20.168 --> 01:01:22.793
A culture belonging
to a certain class
01:01:22.960 --> 01:01:25.085
that pursues a certain policy.
01:01:25.293 --> 01:01:26.585
The analysis...
01:01:28.293 --> 01:01:29.585
...was amiss.
01:01:29.835 --> 01:01:33.793
So the conclusion was unreal.
01:01:35.335 --> 01:01:37.210
If you don't agree it's...
01:01:37.460 --> 01:01:40.168
Yes, I'm for peaceful co-existence.
01:01:40.960 --> 01:01:44.710
What's the Party doing
to change that?
01:01:45.460 --> 01:01:47.960
There are some good things.
01:01:48.460 --> 01:01:53.168
Two weeks ago they were praising
books that confuse words and things,
01:01:53.335 --> 01:01:55.793
that serve reactionary thinking.
01:01:58.335 --> 01:02:02.585
Comrades, we must:
one, close the puppet university.
01:02:02.793 --> 01:02:04.460
Right, but how?
01:02:04.668 --> 01:02:07.210
What do you suggest, dreamer?
01:02:08.085 --> 01:02:09.710
Two, by terror.
01:02:09.960 --> 01:02:11.793
Yes, but what kind of terror?
01:02:16.668 --> 01:02:20.168
Terror leads to nothing today.
01:02:20.335 --> 01:02:21.460
However,
01:02:22.543 --> 01:02:27.835
that culture is 0.43%
of the national budget...
01:02:28.085 --> 01:02:30.418
Veronique was right.
01:02:30.918 --> 01:02:32.210
As for Aragon...
01:02:32.460 --> 01:02:36.710
If the Party's more supple,
01:02:37.335 --> 01:02:39.335
it's because of him.
01:02:41.210 --> 01:02:43.585
Sometimes I was enthusiastic,
01:02:43.835 --> 01:02:48.293
glorifying the socialist edifice
in my writing.
01:02:49.543 --> 01:02:52.460
But the next day I countered
01:02:52.710 --> 01:02:56.585
with criminal-like practical action.
01:02:57.210 --> 01:02:59.043
There was formed
01:02:59.210 --> 01:03:01.585
what Hegel called
01:03:02.293 --> 01:03:05.210
an unhappy conscience.
01:03:06.543 --> 01:03:10.585
It differed
from the ordinary conscience...
01:03:11.085 --> 01:03:13.835
BOUKARIN'S LAST WORDS
AT THE LAST MOSCOW TRIALS
01:03:13.960 --> 01:03:16.793
...In that it was also
a criminal conscience.
01:03:19.460 --> 01:03:23.293
Ad in France Soir on June 14.
01:03:24.710 --> 01:03:27.918
Old Russia,
the great religious centres
01:03:28.085 --> 01:03:30.960
of Czarist Russia, brought to life
01:03:31.668 --> 01:03:34.335
and May Day in Moscow.
01:03:34.710 --> 01:03:37.418
Information at Monit Travel,
01:03:37.585 --> 01:03:42.168
4 place de l'Opera,
phone 742 06 46.
01:03:42.585 --> 01:03:44.710
Where are the old revolutionaries?
01:03:45.418 --> 01:03:46.835
Sad, huh?
01:03:46.960 --> 01:03:48.085
It's sad, alright.
01:03:48.210 --> 01:03:50.668
Their argument was Sputnik Digest.
01:03:50.835 --> 01:03:53.460
It's a pretty disgusting magazine.
01:03:54.293 --> 01:03:55.960
But that's not enough
01:03:56.210 --> 01:03:59.543
to systematically condemn
the Party attitude
01:03:59.710 --> 01:04:03.168
the way they do in
L'Humanite Nouvelle or Garde Rouge.
01:04:03.418 --> 01:04:08.710
The main organ of the French
Marxist-Leninist movement.
01:04:09.335 --> 01:04:11.460
During the elections in March,
01:04:11.710 --> 01:04:15.710
the only people to talk
of the price of a fridge,
01:04:15.918 --> 01:04:19.085
of work rates or bathrooms,
01:04:19.210 --> 01:04:23.085
and not just general philosophy...
01:04:23.293 --> 01:04:26.210
It wasn't Mitterrand
or Mendes France,
01:04:26.418 --> 01:04:30.168
it was the delegates
of the French Communist Party.
01:04:30.335 --> 01:04:34.335
It's not that.
I said they haven't read all of Marx.
01:04:34.543 --> 01:04:37.585
- You're way off.
- Not read him seriously.
01:04:37.710 --> 01:04:40.085
Well, I'm for peaceful coexistence.
01:04:41.293 --> 01:04:44.335
Lenin said to cut off
one enemy finger to save ten.
01:04:44.460 --> 01:04:46.085
Rosa Luxembourg
01:04:46.293 --> 01:04:48.710
saw the difficulty in answering.
01:04:48.918 --> 01:04:50.543
How troubled she was.
01:04:51.210 --> 01:04:53.918
How she blushed
without understanding.
01:04:54.085 --> 01:04:56.710
Why, because movies and plays
01:04:56.835 --> 01:04:59.210
cost money and the army is free.
01:04:59.418 --> 01:05:01.043
It should be the opposite.
01:05:02.210 --> 01:05:03.585
Shows should be free.
01:05:03.710 --> 01:05:06.460
Those who want to make war
should pay to do so.
01:05:06.710 --> 01:05:11.335
When they say the leftist agreement
is a dagger for Vietnam,
01:05:11.585 --> 01:05:14.543
or that the Communist press...
01:05:14.710 --> 01:05:18.335
Everyone talks of the crimes
of the Red Guard
01:05:18.460 --> 01:05:20.085
in the Cultural Revolution.
01:05:20.335 --> 01:05:22.585
Listen, this is fantastic.
01:05:23.835 --> 01:05:26.960
The first date
for Juliette and Pierre
01:05:27.210 --> 01:05:30.710
opened doors
to a new world of magic.
01:05:32.960 --> 01:05:36.460
The world of words
no one had spoken before them.
01:05:38.668 --> 01:05:40.960
What are you reading?
01:05:43.418 --> 01:05:46.085
Henri gave me
the Party's women's magazine.
01:05:46.335 --> 01:05:47.418
Let's see.
01:05:49.668 --> 01:05:52.210
Like the night before,
their eyes met.
01:05:52.418 --> 01:05:54.043
Pierre couldn't speak.
01:05:56.335 --> 01:06:00.960
No point in being Communist
to use that soap opera language.
01:06:05.668 --> 01:06:07.335
I forbid you to read that.
01:06:07.543 --> 01:06:09.460
I said Henri's a revisionist.
01:06:12.585 --> 01:06:15.793
The joker's a king
and I sing Mao Mao...
01:06:16.585 --> 01:06:20.085
Reminds me of pictures
of L'Illustration from 1917,
01:06:20.710 --> 01:06:23.960
that treated Bolsheviks as beatniks.
01:06:24.585 --> 01:06:28.043
They used the same terms
for the Bolsheviks
01:06:28.210 --> 01:06:31.335
as that paper uses for the Red Guard.
01:06:31.960 --> 01:06:35.835
You expect Le Figaro
to say that sort of thing.
01:06:36.085 --> 01:06:39.418
But when L'Humanite does,
it's disgusting.
01:06:39.585 --> 01:06:41.335
OK, there's work to do.
01:06:41.543 --> 01:06:43.585
For everyone.
01:06:43.918 --> 01:06:47.960
The other day I was reading
L'Humanite Nouvelle.
01:06:48.460 --> 01:06:53.835
They talked about the film
Johnny Guitar,
01:06:54.085 --> 01:06:57.585
that the Party leaders had shown
01:06:58.710 --> 01:07:00.460
at a meeting somewhere,
01:07:00.668 --> 01:07:02.418
I'm not sure where.
01:07:02.585 --> 01:07:06.585
But they attack the film
because it's American,
01:07:06.710 --> 01:07:09.043
even if it's good.
01:07:09.710 --> 01:07:14.210
So, as Veronique's big enemy,
Malraux says,
01:07:15.335 --> 01:07:18.335
liberty doesn't always
have clean hands.
01:07:18.543 --> 01:07:20.543
Veronique, what's the matter?
01:07:20.710 --> 01:07:21.960
Problems?
01:07:22.585 --> 01:07:24.293
I have too many enemies.
01:07:24.460 --> 01:07:26.460
Enemies? You?
01:07:26.710 --> 01:07:27.835
But who?
01:07:28.835 --> 01:07:30.668
You know, the warlords,
01:07:30.835 --> 01:07:34.335
the bureaucrats,
magnates and landowners
01:07:34.543 --> 01:07:37.710
and the reactionary intellectuals.
01:07:37.918 --> 01:07:39.335
Those are my enemies.
01:07:39.543 --> 01:07:42.335
Well, that makes a lot
of enemies, indeed.
01:07:43.043 --> 01:07:45.043
What are you up to?
01:07:45.210 --> 01:07:47.293
Not much.
01:07:47.835 --> 01:07:50.835
Writing in Les Temps Modernes
as always,
01:07:50.960 --> 01:07:52.668
some books...
01:07:52.835 --> 01:07:56.460
ENCOUNTER WITH FRANCIS JEANSON
01:07:56.668 --> 01:08:01.335
For this year I have a new project.
01:08:01.543 --> 01:08:02.710
What?
01:08:02.918 --> 01:08:05.710
I want to do cultural action.
01:08:05.918 --> 01:08:07.418
But what's that?
01:08:08.668 --> 01:08:11.085
I don't think
anyone really knows yet.
01:08:11.293 --> 01:08:13.460
And I want to try an experiment.
01:08:13.668 --> 01:08:16.835
But culture and action are old words.
01:08:16.960 --> 01:08:21.585
Yes, but culture is cut off
from action now.
01:08:21.793 --> 01:08:23.210
At least it seems so.
01:08:23.460 --> 01:08:25.460
So it doesn't interest me.
01:08:25.710 --> 01:08:29.335
- Besides, I agree with you.
- You do?
01:08:29.543 --> 01:08:32.293
What interests me is
01:08:32.460 --> 01:08:35.668
that culture gives control
of the world.
01:08:35.835 --> 01:08:38.543
Concretely, when will you do it?
01:08:38.710 --> 01:08:41.710
I start in two months.
01:08:41.960 --> 01:08:44.335
The experiment will last a year.
01:08:44.585 --> 01:08:47.085
Because I want to see
what's possible.
01:08:47.293 --> 01:08:50.293
What is the experiment?
01:08:50.460 --> 01:08:55.168
With a whole team,
we're going to try...
01:08:55.335 --> 01:08:57.710
- In what area?
- Acting, for example.
01:08:57.918 --> 01:09:01.710
- Theatre?
- Yes, in a theatre at Châlon.
01:09:01.960 --> 01:09:05.460
The Bourgogne Theatre.
We'll try to...
01:09:05.710 --> 01:09:07.543
You'll move out of town?
01:09:07.710 --> 01:09:10.085
I'm going to Bourgogne.
01:09:10.335 --> 01:09:13.585
But you know, Châlon isn't very far.
01:09:14.585 --> 01:09:16.085
Isn't leaving Paris sad?
01:09:16.293 --> 01:09:18.085
No, I'm glad.
01:09:18.293 --> 01:09:20.210
Delighted?
01:09:20.835 --> 01:09:23.918
Because I can't work here anymore.
01:09:24.085 --> 01:09:27.085
Anyway, I don't write
when I'm in Paris.
01:09:27.835 --> 01:09:30.918
My books aren't progressing.
01:09:32.710 --> 01:09:36.918
Maybe I can start this action
outside Paris
01:09:37.085 --> 01:09:39.043
and write too.
01:09:40.460 --> 01:09:42.710
Is it important to take action?
01:09:42.960 --> 01:09:46.543
Yes, if we manage
01:09:46.710 --> 01:09:49.460
to do something effective.
01:09:49.668 --> 01:09:53.085
I don't want to start something
just for pleasure
01:09:53.335 --> 01:09:55.210
or to soothe my conscience.
01:09:56.210 --> 01:09:58.585
So why start any action?
01:09:59.210 --> 01:10:03.835
It seems to me, on that level
there's something to be done.
01:10:03.960 --> 01:10:06.460
To place today's men and women
01:10:06.710 --> 01:10:11.085
in a position to receive
the world as it is.
01:10:11.335 --> 01:10:14.460
Not only to receive,
but to act on it,
01:10:14.585 --> 01:10:16.460
to have a hold.
01:10:16.710 --> 01:10:20.210
That means
you're leaving the university?
01:10:21.085 --> 01:10:23.460
Leaving, if you want.
01:10:23.585 --> 01:10:29.085
I'm breaking with an attitude
widespread in the university,
01:10:29.335 --> 01:10:35.085
which is to consider the others,
01:10:35.210 --> 01:10:40.085
the ones we address,
as mere receivers.
01:10:40.335 --> 01:10:42.960
It's true,
and I wouldn't want to be...
01:10:43.210 --> 01:10:46.710
Isn't what's happening
in China important?
01:10:46.960 --> 01:10:49.085
Of course it's important.
01:10:51.085 --> 01:10:55.585
For example, closing the universities
I think is great.
01:10:56.335 --> 01:10:59.585
Right, you think it's great.
01:10:59.710 --> 01:11:02.585
But do you have an idea
what will happen afterwards?
01:11:03.585 --> 01:11:06.710
They must re-open them.
01:11:06.960 --> 01:11:10.085
The students
are in the fields for now.
01:11:11.085 --> 01:11:14.335
That reminds me of something.
01:11:14.585 --> 01:11:16.335
Remember Natalie?
01:11:16.460 --> 01:11:18.835
Yes, I do.
01:11:18.960 --> 01:11:21.710
Her parents voted for Mendes France.
01:11:21.835 --> 01:11:23.835
That doesn't matter.
01:11:24.210 --> 01:11:28.210
Before I prepared for my exams
with you in September,
01:11:28.460 --> 01:11:32.960
she and I picked peaches
near Avignon.
01:11:33.710 --> 01:11:35.710
Now it seems to me that
01:11:35.835 --> 01:11:39.585
doing manual labour beforehand
01:11:40.835 --> 01:11:44.460
helped me pass the exams.
01:11:44.585 --> 01:11:48.460
That helped you understand
what I said,
01:11:49.210 --> 01:11:50.960
talking about philosophy?
01:11:51.085 --> 01:11:53.960
A little. In June...
01:11:54.210 --> 01:11:55.460
I think there's a link.
01:11:55.710 --> 01:11:59.210
In June, I didn't do
anything physical and failed.
01:11:59.460 --> 01:12:02.960
I think there's a possible link.
01:12:03.210 --> 01:12:04.835
What's the conclusion?
01:12:05.085 --> 01:12:07.085
You should pick peaches?
01:12:09.460 --> 01:12:11.335
But you agree with me?
01:12:11.460 --> 01:12:15.460
Something's wrong at the university.
Many things.
01:12:15.710 --> 01:12:16.960
Of course.
01:12:17.085 --> 01:12:20.585
It's apparent enough. So?
01:12:20.835 --> 01:12:23.335
You agree
education's the big problem?
01:12:23.585 --> 01:12:26.710
It's one of the biggest problems.
01:12:27.585 --> 01:12:28.585
So?
01:12:29.585 --> 01:12:32.335
Shouldn't we start from scratch?
01:12:32.585 --> 01:12:34.335
But how?
01:12:35.085 --> 01:12:38.210
Close the universities,
like in China.
01:12:38.460 --> 01:12:40.710
You will do that yourself?
01:12:41.460 --> 01:12:44.710
If the authorities
aren't capable of it.
01:12:44.835 --> 01:12:46.835
If necessary, I'll close them.
01:12:46.960 --> 01:12:48.335
How?
01:12:51.835 --> 01:12:54.210
I have an idea.
01:12:54.460 --> 01:12:56.960
Tell me your idea,
01:12:57.085 --> 01:12:58.835
if you can.
01:13:01.835 --> 01:13:05.835
You see,
what disgusts me is teaching.
01:13:06.585 --> 01:13:11.085
It's always a question of class.
Culture is class culture.
01:13:11.335 --> 01:13:13.835
You know the Tutankhamen exhibit.
01:13:14.460 --> 01:13:17.835
Why do all the people run there?
The gold.
01:13:17.960 --> 01:13:22.335
Even workers act bourgeois
and go and see the gold.
01:13:22.585 --> 01:13:25.710
Because if it was in paper,
they wouldn't bother.
01:13:25.960 --> 01:13:27.710
I understand,
01:13:27.960 --> 01:13:29.335
but your idea...
01:13:30.460 --> 01:13:33.210
- Close the university.
- But how?
01:13:34.210 --> 01:13:35.585
With bombs.
01:13:36.460 --> 01:13:38.085
With bombs!
01:13:38.335 --> 01:13:40.585
You're going to throw bombs?
01:13:40.710 --> 01:13:42.585
THIS SITUATION
01:13:42.835 --> 01:13:46.835
Once we kill students and teachers,
they'll stop going.
01:13:47.585 --> 01:13:49.335
The university will close.
01:13:50.960 --> 01:13:53.335
You're doing that alone?
01:13:57.335 --> 01:13:59.710
Well, there are two or three of us.
01:14:00.210 --> 01:14:03.210
Two or three... But...
01:14:03.335 --> 01:14:06.210
But during the Algerian War,
01:14:06.460 --> 01:14:10.460
when Djamila Bouhired blew up
cafes, you defended her
01:14:10.710 --> 01:14:15.085
while all the press was against her.
01:14:15.960 --> 01:14:17.835
All of France was against her.
01:14:18.085 --> 01:14:19.710
That's right.
01:14:19.835 --> 01:14:22.585
Only there was a difference.
01:14:22.710 --> 01:14:23.960
Tell me if I'm wrong.
01:14:24.210 --> 01:14:26.335
Explain it to me.
01:14:26.460 --> 01:14:30.710
There was a whole people
behind Djamila.
01:14:30.960 --> 01:14:35.585
Men and women
were already fighting.
01:14:35.835 --> 01:14:40.085
It was for independence
and I, too, want mine.
01:14:40.210 --> 01:14:44.460
You want independence.
How many of you want it that way?
01:14:44.585 --> 01:14:47.585
You told me two or three.
01:14:48.835 --> 01:14:54.335
But many people don't realise it yet.
And we think for them.
01:14:55.460 --> 01:14:56.460
It's for them.
01:14:56.585 --> 01:14:59.960
You think you can make
a revolution for others?
01:15:00.085 --> 01:15:03.585
But you agree
working is part of the struggle.
01:15:03.710 --> 01:15:05.460
But what is the struggle?
01:15:05.710 --> 01:15:07.085
THIS SITUATION MUST CHANGE
01:15:07.210 --> 01:15:10.085
Look, if I want to know
01:15:10.210 --> 01:15:12.585
revolutionary theory and methods,
01:15:12.835 --> 01:15:15.835
I must participate in a revolution.
01:15:16.460 --> 01:15:20.585
You can participate,
but you can't invent one.
01:15:20.835 --> 01:15:24.710
But if I want knowledge,
I need practical experience.
01:15:25.710 --> 01:15:28.835
- Do you agree?
- I do.
01:15:28.960 --> 01:15:31.710
Only revolutionary practice
01:15:31.835 --> 01:15:35.460
implies a knowledge of the situation.
01:15:35.710 --> 01:15:37.960
The situation is bad.
01:15:38.085 --> 01:15:41.210
You know that, but do you know...
01:15:41.335 --> 01:15:43.085
And that'll make it known.
01:15:44.210 --> 01:15:47.710
Do you know a possible remedy?
01:15:47.960 --> 01:15:52.710
But authentic knowledge
comes from direct experience.
01:15:53.335 --> 01:15:56.085
First-hand experience.
01:15:56.335 --> 01:16:01.585
Does it tell you the content
to give your action?
01:16:01.835 --> 01:16:05.460
Because terrorism is only a start.
01:16:05.835 --> 01:16:08.210
- Isn't it terrorism?
- Yes, it is.
01:16:08.335 --> 01:16:13.585
So terrorism supposes
underlying bases.
01:16:14.585 --> 01:16:17.210
We've studied for two years.
01:16:17.460 --> 01:16:21.585
For two years,
and how have you studied it?
01:16:21.710 --> 01:16:24.585
We live the problem.
01:16:24.710 --> 01:16:25.710
You live it.
01:16:25.960 --> 01:16:29.335
You're no longer a student.
You may know nothing.
01:16:29.460 --> 01:16:31.710
I still know a few things.
01:16:31.835 --> 01:16:32.835
No, I'm sorry.
01:16:33.085 --> 01:16:38.710
You're right. I know a few things.
Not as much as you, of course.
01:16:38.960 --> 01:16:41.835
- I'm in it.
- I don't suffer directly.
01:16:42.085 --> 01:16:43.835
I suffer and I'm not alone.
01:16:43.960 --> 01:16:47.085
But what's the point
01:16:47.335 --> 01:16:51.085
of killing people
if you don't know
01:16:51.335 --> 01:16:54.835
what you'll do next,
if you don't know what terms...
01:16:54.960 --> 01:16:57.085
But we know what we'll do.
01:16:57.335 --> 01:17:00.085
So, what will you do afterwards?
01:17:01.585 --> 01:17:03.585
I don't believe you know.
01:17:03.835 --> 01:17:07.335
You only know
the present system is awful
01:17:07.585 --> 01:17:09.585
and you're impatient to end it.
01:17:09.710 --> 01:17:11.585
Not awful, just bad.
01:17:11.835 --> 01:17:14.460
What we do afterwards
is not my work.
01:17:14.710 --> 01:17:17.710
- You don't care.
- No, I don't.
01:17:20.210 --> 01:17:23.960
Afterwards,
I'll continue studying the situation.
01:17:24.210 --> 01:17:28.585
Where will you study it?
01:17:29.710 --> 01:17:32.835
I'm only a worker
producing revolution.
01:17:33.085 --> 01:17:37.085
So be a worker and really work.
01:17:37.335 --> 01:17:42.460
The way you're going
you won't last a week, as I see it.
01:17:42.710 --> 01:17:47.210
- Why?
- You'll be arrested long before.
01:17:47.335 --> 01:17:50.585
But you ran from the police.
01:17:50.835 --> 01:17:53.335
And it lasted a long time...
01:17:53.460 --> 01:17:58.460
There were many sympathizers
among the population,
01:17:58.710 --> 01:18:02.460
because even those
not quite in favour
01:18:02.585 --> 01:18:06.085
of Algerian independence
didn't denounce us.
01:18:06.710 --> 01:18:10.085
You have sympathizers,
but they won't go
01:18:10.210 --> 01:18:14.085
as far as mass murder.
01:18:14.335 --> 01:18:15.960
And it'll be mass murder.
01:18:16.085 --> 01:18:19.210
We need help
since some Communists
01:18:19.460 --> 01:18:22.960
are allied with revisionists
to denounce us.
01:18:23.210 --> 01:18:26.085
- You didn't know.
- You're not prepared...
01:18:26.335 --> 01:18:29.210
L'Humanite and Le Figaro
are in league now.
01:18:29.460 --> 01:18:30.960
Alright.
01:18:31.210 --> 01:18:34.460
But your action
will lead to nothing
01:18:34.710 --> 01:18:40.710
if it isn't upheld
by a group, a class,
01:18:40.960 --> 01:18:44.085
by many men and women
01:18:44.335 --> 01:18:46.710
who agree entirely and will pay...
01:18:46.835 --> 01:18:52.585
Take the young Russian nihilists,
for example.
01:18:52.710 --> 01:18:54.710
So?
01:18:55.460 --> 01:18:58.460
They made bombs
and criminal attempts.
01:18:58.710 --> 01:19:02.460
And the 1917 revolution
came afterwards. In October.
01:19:02.710 --> 01:19:06.960
You think you can compare
Czarist Russia
01:19:07.085 --> 01:19:09.835
and the situation now in France?
01:19:10.085 --> 01:19:13.085
You call yourself Marxist-Leninist.
01:19:13.335 --> 01:19:17.460
Well, even if we can't
compare them,
01:19:17.710 --> 01:19:21.335
we can draw a lesson from China.
01:19:21.585 --> 01:19:25.960
But the lessons you draw
are very abstract.
01:19:26.085 --> 01:19:29.085
You don't draw lessons
by superposing...
01:19:29.335 --> 01:19:31.085
You think it's a mistake?
01:19:31.335 --> 01:19:33.210
I think so.
01:19:33.335 --> 01:19:36.210
You're heading towards a dead-end.
01:19:36.460 --> 01:19:37.835
Some comrades
01:19:37.960 --> 01:19:40.835
undertake their main task...
01:19:41.085 --> 01:19:43.460
But not firmly in hand.
01:19:44.210 --> 01:19:47.835
They can't do good work.
01:19:48.085 --> 01:19:51.960
Committee Work Techniques,
13 March 1949.
01:19:52.585 --> 01:19:55.085
It's not so much that.
01:19:55.210 --> 01:19:58.210
I told you
the arguments were valid
01:19:58.335 --> 01:20:00.710
but all mixed up.
01:20:00.960 --> 01:20:03.585
Marxism is first of all a science.
01:20:04.460 --> 01:20:05.960
And there,
01:20:06.835 --> 01:20:12.085
the arguments were a mess,
off the cuff.
01:20:12.335 --> 01:20:14.710
They were a bit like children.
01:20:14.960 --> 01:20:18.585
Yes, you know the story
of the Egyptian children?
01:20:20.460 --> 01:20:22.460
Then I'll tell you.
01:20:23.835 --> 01:20:27.585
The Egyptians believed
their language
01:20:28.710 --> 01:20:31.085
was that of the gods.
01:20:31.335 --> 01:20:33.210
One day, to prove it,
01:20:33.335 --> 01:20:37.085
they put new-born babies
in a house
01:20:37.335 --> 01:20:39.585
far from any society
01:20:40.460 --> 01:20:43.710
to see if they would learn to talk.
01:20:45.460 --> 01:20:47.710
To speak Egyptian alone.
01:20:49.460 --> 01:20:52.460
They came back 15 years later.
01:20:53.335 --> 01:20:54.960
And what did they find?
01:20:55.085 --> 01:21:00.210
The kids talking together,
but bleating like sheep.
01:21:02.210 --> 01:21:04.210
They hadn't noticed
01:21:04.460 --> 01:21:09.085
that next to the house
was a sheep-pen.
01:21:11.085 --> 01:21:13.960
For us,
in that flat where we were,
01:21:14.210 --> 01:21:17.585
Marxism-Leninism
was a bit like the sheep.
01:21:18.710 --> 01:21:19.835
Any volunteers?
01:21:20.960 --> 01:21:22.710
OK. Me.
01:21:24.710 --> 01:21:26.710
I believe in terror.
01:21:28.460 --> 01:21:31.960
For me, whole revolutions
01:21:32.085 --> 01:21:35.210
are made of terror.
01:21:35.460 --> 01:21:36.460
Who is it?
01:21:36.710 --> 01:21:41.335
A bombless revolutionary
isn't a revolutionary.
01:21:46.710 --> 01:21:49.335
For the moment, we're only a few.
01:21:50.210 --> 01:21:53.585
Tomorrow, we'll be many.
01:21:54.460 --> 01:21:58.210
Tomorrow, I may no longer exist.
01:21:58.585 --> 01:22:01.710
I am happy, I am proud of that.
01:22:01.835 --> 01:22:04.585
Terrorism is not an act
of liberation,
01:22:04.710 --> 01:22:07.335
but a means to impose a programme.
01:22:07.585 --> 01:22:09.585
Give me a bomb.
01:22:10.335 --> 01:22:12.085
Give me a bomb.
01:22:12.335 --> 01:22:14.710
Let's talk in the kitchen.
01:22:14.960 --> 01:22:17.835
I suggest refusing Kirilov
and drawing lots.
01:22:33.210 --> 01:22:35.210
You think he'll commit suicide?
01:22:36.960 --> 01:22:38.585
I'm sure of it.
01:22:41.960 --> 01:22:45.085
They say that,
but when the time comes...
01:22:45.460 --> 01:22:48.085
It's been going on for two weeks.
01:22:49.835 --> 01:22:52.210
But he's serious this time.
01:22:56.335 --> 01:22:59.335
Still, he didn't want
to sign the paper.
01:23:01.710 --> 01:23:03.210
Ask him again.
01:23:05.835 --> 01:23:08.210
I tried all day yesterday.
01:23:08.335 --> 01:23:10.085
You can't talk to him.
01:23:10.335 --> 01:23:12.710
He doesn't want to.
01:23:14.460 --> 01:23:16.710
He still has the revolver?
01:23:17.835 --> 01:23:19.835
He's keeping it.
01:23:20.085 --> 01:23:23.210
He'll give it up
once he's shot himself.
01:23:55.835 --> 01:23:57.460
Listen, Serge...
01:23:57.835 --> 01:23:59.585
Give me the paper.
01:24:00.710 --> 01:24:02.210
In my pocket.
01:24:06.585 --> 01:24:08.335
Leave me alone.
01:24:09.460 --> 01:24:10.835
Did you sign it?
01:24:18.335 --> 01:24:21.210
I, Serge Dimitri Kirilov,
01:24:21.460 --> 01:24:24.210
have murdered Michael Sholokov,
01:24:24.460 --> 01:24:27.210
the Soviet Minister of Culture,
01:24:27.460 --> 01:24:31.960
in Paris
as the French government's guest.
01:24:35.335 --> 01:24:37.960
The purpose of this murder was,
01:24:38.210 --> 01:24:42.085
one, to stop the Soviet puppet
from inaugurating
01:24:42.335 --> 01:24:44.585
the new university buildings
01:24:44.835 --> 01:24:48.210
where he was to speak
before the puppet Malraux...
01:24:48.335 --> 01:24:49.835
Go on.
01:24:53.835 --> 01:24:56.960
Two, this is the first murder
in a series.
01:24:57.085 --> 01:25:01.210
Violence will be the answer
to the cultural suffocation
01:25:01.335 --> 01:25:04.835
willingly imposed
on the universities.
01:25:05.085 --> 01:25:08.585
Serge Kirilov, 15 August 1967.
Very good.
01:25:46.960 --> 01:25:49.335
Do I wear the hat or not?
01:25:49.460 --> 01:25:50.710
No, I won't.
01:25:50.960 --> 01:25:52.085
You have the gun?
01:25:55.460 --> 01:25:56.960
What's his name again?
01:25:57.085 --> 01:25:58.585
Uh, Shokolov...
01:25:58.835 --> 01:26:01.460
No, Sholokov.
01:26:01.960 --> 01:26:03.210
You sure?
01:26:03.335 --> 01:26:04.960
Yes, that's it.
01:26:06.710 --> 01:26:08.960
But I can't ask his name.
01:26:09.210 --> 01:26:11.835
Do as we already said,
you ask for...
01:26:12.085 --> 01:26:15.460
When he looks at the register,
you find Sholokov.
01:26:16.710 --> 01:26:18.085
It will be upside down.
01:26:18.335 --> 01:26:21.210
They write big, it's easy.
01:26:26.960 --> 01:26:30.210
Alright.
01:27:24.335 --> 01:27:25.460
So?
01:27:26.210 --> 01:27:29.835
He opened the door and I fired.
Come on.
01:27:30.460 --> 01:27:33.710
Shit, shit, stop.
01:27:33.960 --> 01:27:35.335
What is it?
01:27:37.210 --> 01:27:39.835
- I made a mistake.
- How's that?
01:27:41.835 --> 01:27:45.085
I read Sholokov
upside down alright
01:27:45.210 --> 01:27:47.460
and the room number 23.
01:27:48.085 --> 01:27:51.210
But since it was upside down
I inverted.
01:27:51.335 --> 01:27:54.460
That made it 32,
so I went to room 32.
01:27:54.710 --> 01:27:57.585
You shot the guy in 32.
01:27:57.835 --> 01:27:59.335
Go back.
01:28:00.460 --> 01:28:02.960
But park in front this time.
01:29:24.710 --> 01:29:26.085
We... Communists
01:29:26.210 --> 01:29:27.210
...not only...
01:29:27.335 --> 01:29:29.210
...do not fight...
01:29:29.335 --> 01:29:30.710
...against just wars...
01:29:30.960 --> 01:29:32.460
...but take an active part.
01:29:34.460 --> 01:29:36.460
He committed suicide?
01:29:36.585 --> 01:29:37.710
I didn't know.
01:29:39.585 --> 01:29:42.585
Kirilov.
01:29:43.585 --> 01:29:46.335
If Marxism-Leninism exists,
01:29:47.335 --> 01:29:48.710
then anything goes.
01:29:53.085 --> 01:29:54.835
That means we must pay...
01:29:55.085 --> 01:29:56.710
Attention...
01:29:56.960 --> 01:29:59.585
To the quantitative aspect
of a problem...
01:29:59.835 --> 01:30:02.960
...and do quantitative analysis.
01:30:03.210 --> 01:30:05.960
I'm fed up with this job!
01:30:06.210 --> 01:30:09.210
You must participate
in changing reality.
01:30:10.210 --> 01:30:13.835
Maybe I'll return to Besancon.
01:30:14.835 --> 01:30:20.710
Will you join
the normal Communist Party?
01:30:20.960 --> 01:30:24.460
Certainly, as soon as I find work.
01:30:25.585 --> 01:30:29.585
I've applied at a laboratory.
01:30:30.335 --> 01:30:32.585
And if it doesn't work out,
01:30:32.835 --> 01:30:35.085
I'll go to East Germany.
01:30:35.335 --> 01:30:36.960
They need chemists.
01:30:38.960 --> 01:30:41.835
It's too bad about your quarrels.
01:30:42.585 --> 01:30:44.835
I know it's stupid.
01:30:46.085 --> 01:30:49.460
But you know, what I want...
01:30:50.710 --> 01:30:52.710
...is some quiet.
01:30:52.960 --> 01:30:54.460
They were too fanatical.
01:30:55.585 --> 01:30:58.085
The silence of infinite space.
01:30:58.210 --> 01:31:02.210
It's not silence that scares me,
but sound and fury.
01:31:07.460 --> 01:31:09.835
You never saw them again?
01:31:10.085 --> 01:31:12.085
I don't know what became of them.
01:31:12.335 --> 01:31:14.960
YEAR ZERO THEATRE
01:31:37.085 --> 01:31:38.460
THE
01:31:45.335 --> 01:31:47.335
THEATRICAL
01:31:54.710 --> 01:31:56.710
VOCATION
01:32:05.835 --> 01:32:07.210
OF
01:32:19.210 --> 01:32:21.460
GUILLAUME MEISTER
01:32:27.085 --> 01:32:28.835
Look, how funny.
01:32:28.960 --> 01:32:32.460
ALL ROADS LEAD TO PEKING
01:32:32.710 --> 01:32:34.835
It's disgusting. Mum will be furious.
01:32:35.085 --> 01:32:36.960
They put up your cousin.
01:32:43.335 --> 01:32:46.085
Maybe they killed the minister.
01:32:46.210 --> 01:32:47.960
I hope inside is alright.
01:32:54.210 --> 01:32:56.335
AND
01:32:56.585 --> 01:32:57.960
Fruit and vegetables!
01:32:58.085 --> 01:33:00.210
HIS
01:33:02.335 --> 01:33:04.460
YEARS
01:33:04.585 --> 01:33:06.585
Lettuce, tomatoes...
01:33:06.710 --> 01:33:08.960
OF
01:33:09.210 --> 01:33:11.335
Radishes and eggs: 10 cents!
01:33:11.460 --> 01:33:13.585
One price, fruit and vegetables!
01:33:14.585 --> 01:33:15.960
One lettuce: 10 cents.
01:33:16.210 --> 01:33:19.460
APPRENTICESHIP
01:33:20.085 --> 01:33:23.960
10 cents, one price,
try your luck.
01:33:24.960 --> 01:33:27.460
AND
01:33:29.960 --> 01:33:32.210
OF
01:33:40.960 --> 01:33:43.835
TRAVELS ON THE ROAD
01:33:55.335 --> 01:33:57.210
I don't want to see anyone.
01:33:57.335 --> 01:34:01.460
Don't be hurt if my zeal
breaks the secret of your solitude.
01:34:04.585 --> 01:34:07.210
How long have you been so afraid?
01:34:07.460 --> 01:34:09.210
Since Marcel left me.
01:34:10.835 --> 01:34:16.835
Under what sign did you bring into
the world such an unhappy creature?
01:34:17.085 --> 01:34:19.085
OF A TRUE
01:34:19.335 --> 01:34:20.210
What'll I do?
01:34:21.210 --> 01:34:26.085
Never doubt a god is fighting
for you. The sacrifice is over.
01:34:26.210 --> 01:34:29.210
SOCIALIST THEATRE
01:34:29.460 --> 01:34:31.210
Just join the Marxists.
01:34:31.335 --> 01:34:33.085
I want vengeance.
01:34:33.710 --> 01:34:36.335
- You'll lose.
- Get out of here.
01:34:36.585 --> 01:34:37.960
But why leave?
01:34:39.460 --> 01:34:41.960
Why be your own enemy?
01:34:43.585 --> 01:34:46.085
I have too much pain.
01:34:50.460 --> 01:34:54.085
Enough, stop.
It's time to be logical.
01:34:54.210 --> 01:34:57.335
LAST SCENE OF THE MOVIE
01:35:06.585 --> 01:35:09.085
What shall I tell them?
01:35:09.210 --> 01:35:10.835
I'll write to them.
01:35:11.835 --> 01:35:13.585
You're crazy.
01:35:14.335 --> 01:35:15.585
A dreamer.
01:35:20.835 --> 01:35:24.960
OK, it's fiction,
but it brings me closer to reality.
01:35:28.460 --> 01:35:32.085
Everything must be ready Saturday.
Coming, Blandine?
01:35:35.335 --> 01:35:36.960
Think about it.
01:35:51.835 --> 01:35:53.585
It was all thought out.
01:35:53.710 --> 01:35:57.085
The end of summer
meant back to school for me.
01:35:57.335 --> 01:35:59.835
A struggle for me
and some comrades.
01:36:00.085 --> 01:36:01.960
On the other hand, I was wrong.
01:36:02.210 --> 01:36:04.210
I thought I'd made a leap forward.
01:36:04.460 --> 01:36:05.710
And I realised
01:36:05.835 --> 01:36:09.085
I'd made only the first timid step
of a long march.